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Treatment of Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Acute Leucosis by Fetal Stem Cells


A. Smikodub, N. Snegir

Cell Therapy Clinic of National Medical University and Embryonic Tissues Center "EmCell"

Neutropenia is one of the main factors causing infectious complications in oncological patients upon chemotherapy. In this study fetal stem cells were used for treatment of grave neutropenia (the number of granulocites less than 500/ml). Cell suspensions were prepared from a liver of a single embryo from 6 to 12 weeks of gestation. Cryopreservation was carried out according to the special program with DMSO. Prenatal and fetal infection diagnostics and bacteriological control were provided. CD-34, CFU-GM and CFU-GEMM were rated. Fetal stem cells were injected intravenous dropwise once or several times. Suspension volume was 1 to 4 ml, cells number 30–250x106/ml.

Observed were 11 patients with acute leucosis. The number of granulocytes was less than 500/ml in all the cases before the treatment. At the time of transplantation febrile neutropenia was observed in 6 cases. In 4 cases its durability against the antibacterial therapy was 7 days, in 2 cases more than 7 days. In 3 cases the focus of infection was not determined, one patient had a clinical manifestation of sepsis, another one had oral mucositis and pneumonia. After fetal stem cell suspensions injection, among 4 patients, there was a syndrome of early posttranspalntation improvement manifested in weakness reduction, lustiness, appetite rise (Smikodub's syndrome).

Among 4 patients, with febrility up to 2–7 days after fetal stem cells injection, temperature reduction was noticed on the 1st day and its normalization on 2–3rd day. The patient with sepsis was noticed to have fever reduction up to subfebrile figures, with periodic febrile rises. One patient's temperature had normalized on the 11th day after cell suspension injection.

The positive dynamics of patients' state corresponded with positive dynamics of peripherial blood parameters: leukocytes number had increased on 3–5th day and restored on 8–10th day.

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